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Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
09:36

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Published on: February 2, 2017

Adulthood Health Insurance Source for Previous Criminal Legal System Involved Pediatrics.

Ian A Silver1, Samantha A Tosto1, Jamie Newsome1

  • 1Center for Justice Systems Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.

Health Services Research
|April 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Criminal legal system involvement in youth is linked to increased years without health insurance and greater reliance on Medicaid in adulthood. These findings underscore the need for robust state-run insurance programs for affected populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Adolescent involvement with the criminal legal system (CLS) can have long-term consequences.
  • Understanding the impact of early CLS contact on adult health insurance is crucial for public health policy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between adolescent criminal legal system involvement and adult health insurance enrollment sources.
  • To determine if arrest or incarceration before age 18 affects health insurance access in adulthood.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1997 (NLSY97), a US birth cohort study.
  • Categorized participants into groups based on CLS involvement (arrest, juvenile incarceration, adult incarceration) before age 18, with a control group having no CLS contact.
  • Employed gradient boosted inverse probability weighting (IPW) to adjust for confounders and analyzed health insurance sources from 2005 to 2021.

Main Results:

  • Adolescent arrest, juvenile incarceration, and adult incarceration before age 18 were significantly associated with more years without health insurance.
  • CLS involvement was also linked to a higher likelihood of relying on Medicaid insurance in adulthood.
  • Specific coefficients indicated increased incidence rate ratios for both lack of insurance and Medicaid enrollment following CLS contact.

Conclusions:

  • Youth with prior involvement in the criminal legal system before age 18 are more likely to be uninsured or primarily use Medicaid as adults.
  • These findings emphasize the critical role of state-administered health insurance programs in supporting individuals with a history of CLS involvement.
  • Interventions addressing CLS involvement during adolescence may improve long-term health insurance stability.