Impact of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt on Waitlist and Post-transplant Outcomes in Liver Transplant...

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is utilized to manage portal hypertensive complications in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. However, its effects on transplant candidacy and peri-operative outcomes remain unclear. We hence aimed to evaluate peri-transplant outcomes and implications of TIPS in liver transplant (LT) candidates.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult LT candidates listed in the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database from January 1, 2000 to January 3, 2025. Waitlist outcomes include development of portal hypertension-related complications, time-to-transplant and waitlist survival. Post-transplant outcomes include graft survival and overall post-transplant survival. These outcomes were compared between patients with and without TIPS, and across disease etiologies among TIPS recipients.

Among 169,681 waitlist registrants (19,940 with TIPS, 149,741 without TIPS), TIPS was associated with higher odds of portal vein thrombosis during waitlist (OR: 1.365, 95% CI: 1.270 to 1.467, p < 0.001) and lower odds of ascites during waitlist (OR: 0.874, 95% CI: 0.818 to 0.934, p < 0.001). TIPS recipients had significantly higher 90-day and 1-year time-to-transplant and waitlist survival, with minimal differences in graft survival and overall post-transplant survival. Among TIPS recipients, patients with alcohol-associated liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease had significantly lower 90-day and 1-year time-to-transplant and higher 1-year waitlist survival compared to patients with hepatitis C.

TIPS is associated with improved waitlist survival and timely transplantation without negatively impacting post-transplant outcomes. These findings support the use of TIPS in a select group of patients with high burden of portal hypertensive complications.