Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

5.7K
Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
5.7K
Precipitation Processes01:12

Precipitation Processes

6.6K
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
6.6K
Precipitation Gravimetry01:03

Precipitation Gravimetry

16.1K
Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
16.1K
Types of Coprecipitation01:10

Types of Coprecipitation

7.0K
Coprecipitation is the contamination of a precipitate by otherwise soluble species and occurs via different processes. In colloidal precipitates, coprecipitation occurs via surface adsorption. For instance, barium sulfate has a primary layer of adsorbed barium ions and a secondary layer of nitrate counterions. This results in contamination of the precipitate by barium nitrate.
Sometimes, ions in a crystal lattice can undergo isomorphous replacement by inclusions of similar charge and size. For...
7.0K
Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods01:19

Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods

6.5K
In argentometric precipitation titrations, endpoints can be detected visually by the Mohr, Volhard, and Fajans methods. In the Mohr method, adding a soluble chromate indicator gives an initial yellow color to the analyte solution. As the titrant is added, the first excess of silver ions forms a red silver chromate precipitate, marking the endpoint. The solution pH should be maintained at about 8 by adding solid CaCO3.
In the Volhard method, a standard excess of AgNO3 is first added to the...
6.5K
Precipitation of Ions03:11

Precipitation of Ions

31.2K
Predicting Precipitation
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:
31.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Penfluridol Triggers GSDME-Mediated Immunogenic Pyroptosis to Potentiate Antitumor Immunotherapy.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

<i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i> isolated from pigs: Genomic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance characterization.

Open veterinary journal·2026
Same author

Notch Signaling Regulates the Neuroprotective Effects of hUCMSCs in a Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia.

Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN·2026
Same author

Identification of Hub Genes, Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms, and Potential Drug Targets In Breast Cancer Using Transcriptomic Analysis.

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE·2026
Same author

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of protein-losing enteropathy: a retrospective study.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Enhancing microbiologically influenced corrosion of Al-Zn-In-Cd sacrificial anode by Pseudomonas sp. in marine tidal environment.

Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
13:27

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

Published on: June 8, 2015

9.3K

Integrated relative humidity as a layer-resolved indicator for moisture-precipitation interactions.

Moufeng Wan1, Hui Su2, Chengxing Zhai3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Climate Resilience for Coastal Cities, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.

Scientific Reports
|April 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed Integrated Relative Humidity (IRH), a new diagnostic tool, to understand how moisture and rain interact in Hong Kong. This method analyzes different atmospheric layers to predict rainfall events more accurately.

Keywords:
Integrated Relative HumidityMoist ConvectionPrecipitationRainfall NowcastingSubtropical ClimateTropospheric Moisture

More Related Videos

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
08:20

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

Published on: November 18, 2022

7.9K
Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data
09:55

Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data

Published on: December 12, 2013

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
13:27

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

Published on: June 8, 2015

9.3K
In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
08:20

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

Published on: November 18, 2022

7.9K
Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data
09:55

Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data

Published on: December 12, 2013

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Science
  • Meteorology
  • Climatology

Background:

  • Precipitation forecasting in subtropical coastal regions presents challenges due to complex moisture dynamics.
  • Understanding layer-specific atmospheric saturation is crucial for improving precipitation prediction models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate Integrated Relative Humidity (IRH), a novel layer-resolved diagnostic for tropospheric saturation.
  • To investigate moisture-precipitation interactions across different precipitation lifecycle stages in Hong Kong.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 16 years of radiosonde and rain gauge data (2005-2020) for Hong Kong.
  • Classified precipitation into four stages: No Rain (NR), Before Rain (BR), During Rain (DR), and After Rain (AR).
  • Computed IRH from surface to 150 hPa, analyzing probability density functions (PDFs) and reversed cumulative distribution functions (RCDFs) for each stage.

Main Results:

  • IRH PDFs revealed distinct vertical saturation structures for each precipitation stage, with peaks near 850 hPa.
  • Deep-column saturation was highest During Rain (DR), while After Rain (AR) showed reduced mid-level saturation.
  • Identified specific IRH thresholds at 700 hPa (0.82) and 150 hPa (0.70) that effectively identify DR and BR events while excluding NR cases.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated Relative Humidity (IRH) provides a quantitative, layer-resolved metric for analyzing moisture-precipitation interactions.
  • The findings demonstrate IRH's potential for nowcasting tools and enhancing meteorological model evaluation in subtropical environments.