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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain
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Malignancy and rheumatic diseases.

Savannah Bowman1, Maria E Suarez-Almazor2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, McGovern Medical School, at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology
|April 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases face higher cancer risks due to inflammation and treatments. This review guides managing these conditions alongside cancer, focusing on screening and therapy choices for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseaseBiologic therapyCancerTargeted therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjogren's disease (SjD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are linked to increased malignancy risk.
  • Factors contributing to this risk include chronic inflammation, immunosuppressive treatments affecting tumor surveillance, and shared lifestyle factors such as smoking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the malignancy risk associated with common SARDs.
  • To outline cancer screening recommendations for patients with SARDs.
  • To examine the impact of biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) on de novo malignancy and cancer recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on SARDs and malignancy risk.
  • Analysis of cancer screening guidelines for immunocompromised patients.
  • Evaluation of evidence regarding DMARDs' oncogenic or anti-cancer effects in patients with rheumatic diseases.

Main Results:

  • Specific SARDs demonstrate varying degrees of elevated cancer risk.
  • Evidence is presented on the potential for certain DMARDs to influence de novo cancer development or recurrence.
  • Management strategies for SARDs in patients with concurrent or prior malignancy are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Managing SARDs in patients with a history of cancer requires careful consideration of treatment risks and benefits.
  • Personalized screening and therapeutic approaches are crucial for optimizing outcomes in this complex patient population.