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Graphite-engineered tungsten microneedle sensor for ultra-wide range nitrite detection.

Xuexia Lin1, Kunmeng Zhao2, Zhilong Zhou2

  • 1HQU Research Center for Emerging Pollutants Analysis and Ecotoxicology assessment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|April 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A novel graphite-engineered tungsten microneedle electrode (C/TME) enables ultra-wide linear range detection of nitrite ions. This stable and sensitive electrochemical sensor offers rapid quantification for food and environmental applications.

Keywords:
C/TMEFoodHigh-PerformanceNitriteUltra-wide linear rangeWater

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Nitrite ion (NO2-) detection is crucial for food safety and environmental monitoring.
  • Existing electrochemical sensors often face limitations in linear range, stability, and sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel electrochemical sensor for high-performance and ultra-wide linear range detection of nitrite ions.
  • To leverage the synergistic properties of graphite and tungsten microneedle electrodes for enhanced sensing capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a graphite-engineered tungsten microneedle electrode (C/TME).
  • Electrochemical characterization of the C/TME sensor for nitrite ion detection.
  • Testing of sensor performance including linear range, detection limit, stability, and anti-interference capabilities.

Main Results:

  • The C/TME sensor achieved an ultra-wide linear detection range from 5.0 to 105,000.0 μM for nitrite ions.
  • A low detection limit of 2.0 μM and a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 10% were achieved.
  • The sensor demonstrated strong anti-interference ability and long-term stability in real samples, including 15-day continuous monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • The C/TME sensor offers a reliable and portable platform for rapid nitrite quantification.
  • The integration of tungsten microneedle electrode's structural advantages with graphite's functional properties enhances sensor performance.
  • This novel sensor has significant potential for applications in food safety and environmental monitoring.