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Programmable Photocontrolled Nanomotor Swarming and Patterning for Targeted Microplastic Capture.

Qianfan Chen1,2, Peiji Deng3,2, Jueyi Xue3,2

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed light-responsive nanomotors that can swarm and deswarm on command. These nanomachines efficiently capture and aggregate microplastics (PS and PP) in water, offering a novel environmental nanotechnology solution.

Keywords:
light-responsivemetal−organic frameworksmicroplasticnanomotorphotocatalysisself-propulsion

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental nanotechnology
  • Materials science
  • Chemical engineering

Background:

  • Microplastic pollution is a significant environmental issue in aquatic ecosystems.
  • Conventional removal methods are often inefficient due to the small size and dispersibility of microplastics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel nanomotor for efficient microplastic capture.
  • To engineer light-responsive and programmable nanomotors for controlled microplastic aggregation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of cobalt-doped ZIF-90 nanomotors functionalized with 9-(methylaminomethyl)anthracene (9-MMA).
  • Utilized autonomous propulsion in hydrogen peroxide.
  • Demonstrated reversible light-controlled swarming/deswarming using alternating UV irradiation (365 nm and 265 nm).
  • Employed UV laser-guided photopatterning for spatial control of nanomotor aggregation.

Main Results:

  • Nanomotors showed autonomous propulsion and light-induced reversible swarming/deswarming.
  • UV laser-guided photopatterning allowed precise control over aggregation zones and pattern formation.
  • Swarming nanomotors effectively bound and aggregated dispersed polystyrene (PS) and polypropylene (PP) microplastics into visible flocs, enhancing collection.

Conclusions:

  • This study introduces a new microplastic enrichment strategy using programmable, light-responsive nanomotors.
  • The developed nanomotors offer enhanced microplastic collection through controlled aggregation.
  • This research provides insights into advanced environmental nanotechnology for pollution remediation.