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Cataract: Surgery first - is there still room for basic research?

Yueyang Zhong^1,2,3,4, Lu Chen^1,2,3,4, Yuzhou Gu^1,2,3,4

¹Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research

|April 6, 2026

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Basic research is crucial for advancing cataract care, focusing on prevention, early intervention, and improved intraocular lens (IOL) technology. Continued investment and collaboration will drive future breakthroughs in vision restoration and treatment.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Biomedical Engineering
Genetics

Background:

Cataract surgery is the primary treatment for blindness, evolving into refractive surgery with advanced intraocular lenses (IOLs).
The dominance of surgical success prompts inquiry into the continued relevance of basic research in cataract care.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the indispensable role of basic research in addressing unmet needs in cataract prevention and treatment.
To explore how fundamental biological and material science research can enhance current and future cataract interventions.

Main Methods:

Review of current research trends in cataract etiology, pharmacology, material science, biomechanics, and regenerative medicine.
Analysis of the interplay between basic science discoveries and clinical advancements in cataract surgery and IOL technology.

Keywords:

Basic research Cataract Intraocualr lens Lens regeneration Pharmacological treatment Posterior capsule opacification Refractive cataract surgery

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Main Results:

Basic research is vital for understanding cataract etiology, enabling prevention strategies, and developing pharmacological interventions.
Advances in material science and biomechanics are crucial for improving IOL biocompatibility and long-term stability.
Research into posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and lens regeneration holds promise for mitigating postoperative complications and exploring novel therapeutic approaches.

Conclusions:

Despite surgical advancements, basic research remains essential for comprehensive cataract care.
Collaboration between clinicians and basic scientists, coupled with increased funding, is key to achieving breakthroughs in cataract prevention and treatment.
Future research aims to provide natural, long-term vision beyond mere sight restoration.