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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

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Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Brain Infarct Segmentation and Registration on MRI or CT for Lesion-symptom Mapping
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Cerebral Infarction: Epidemiology, Classification, Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Management.

Meibiao Zhang1, Jianxun Hou1, Jia Kuang1

  • 1Department of Neurology The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China.

Medcomm
|April 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Cerebral infarction, or ischemic stroke, presents complex challenges. Precision medicine offers a roadmap for individualized therapy by integrating epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostics, and multiomics data.

Keywords:
biomarkersischemic strokemultiomicsneuroimagingpathophysiologyprecision medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Precision Medicine
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Cerebral infarction (ischemic stroke) is a major cause of death and disability.
  • Clinical heterogeneity complicates risk stratification and treatment.
  • Current approaches face challenges due to complex underlying mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an integrative overview of cerebral infarction from a precision medicine perspective.
  • To synthesize advances in epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
  • To bridge the gap between mechanistic insights and clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of global epidemiological trends and risk factors.
  • Critical examination of stroke classification systems (e.g., TOAST).
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms (neurovascular unit, metabolism, cell death pathways like ferroptosis).
  • Appraisal of diagnostic advances (imaging, biomarkers, AI).
  • Evaluation of current and emerging therapeutic strategies.
  • Discussion of multiomics and data-driven models for personalized management.

Main Results:

  • Highlights global disparities and evolving risk factors in stroke epidemiology.
  • Examines the shift from traditional to phenotype- and molecularly-informed stroke classification.
  • Details key pathophysiological pathways relevant to targeted interventions.
  • Assesses advancements in diagnostics and treatments, including neuroprotection.
  • Emphasizes the role of multiomics in redefining stroke subtyping and guiding individualized care.

Conclusions:

  • A mechanism-phenotype-decision framework provides a coherent synthesis of cerebral infarction research.
  • Precision medicine approaches are crucial for advancing individualized management.
  • This review offers a roadmap for transitioning from empirical to precision-oriented care.