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Morphogenesis of Bittner virus.

F W Gay, J K Clarke, E Dermott

    Journal of Virology
    |June 1, 1970
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Bittner virus (mouse mammary tumor virus) morphogenesis involves internal component assembly and envelopment via cytoplasmic vacuoles or plasma membrane budding. Virus release occurs through cell lysis or intercellular budding, with observed cell-to-cell transfer.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Cell Biology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Bittner virus, also known as mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), is a retrovirus associated with mammary tumors in mice.
    • Understanding MMTV morphogenesis is crucial for insights into retroviral replication and oncogenesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the morphogenesis and release mechanisms of Bittner virus within mouse mammary tumor cells.
    • To investigate potential cell-to-cell transmission routes of the virus.

    Main Methods:

    • Transmission electron microscopy of sectioned mouse mammary tumor cells.
    • Detailed ultrastructural analysis of viral particle formation, envelopment, and release.

    Main Results:

    • Internal viral components (type A particles) assemble in "virus factories" near the nucleus and at the plasma membrane.

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  • Envelopment occurs via budding into cytoplasmic vacuoles derived from endoplasmic reticulum or directly at the plasma membrane.
  • Virus release is achieved through cell lysis or budding into intercellular spaces; direct cell-to-cell transfer via pinocytosis was observed.
  • Some viral particles contained cytoplasmic constituents, including ribosomes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Bittner virus morphogenesis is a complex process involving distinct pathways for envelopment and release.
    • Direct cell-to-cell transfer represents a significant mode of MMTV spread.
    • Viral structure and assembly share some similarities with other retroviruses, like mouse leukemia virus.