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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Comparison of Three Clinical Stereoscopic Methods for Measuring Binocular Visual Function During Amblyopic Treatment in Unilateral Amblyopia
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Atropine Eye Drops in Childhood Myopia Control: A Review.

Qin Zhu1, Yanhua Chen2, Xuejiao Li1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, China.

International Journal of Medical Sciences
|April 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Myopia affects 27% of the world, rising to 50% by 2050. Low-concentration atropine eye drops effectively control myopia progression by reducing refractive error and axial length elongation.

Keywords:
atropineaxial lengthmyopiareboundspherical equivalent

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Myopia (nearsightedness) is a global pandemic, affecting approximately 27% of the world's population, with projections indicating a rise to 50% by 2050.
  • Currently, no definitive cure exists, making myopia control the primary clinical focus.
  • Low-concentration atropine eye drops are considered optimal for managing myopia initiation and progression due to a balance of efficacy and rebound effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of myopia.
  • To examine the use of atropine in myopia control, including its mechanisms, efficacy, side effects, and clinical applications.
  • To provide insights for ophthalmologists to manage myopia effectively worldwide.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on myopia prevalence and control strategies.
  • Analysis of data from studies like the Low-concentration Atropine for Myopia Progression (LAMP) study.
  • Examination of atropine's mechanism as a muscarinic receptor antagonist.

Main Results:

  • Low-concentration atropine (e.g., 0.05%) significantly reduces spherical equivalent refraction (SER) progression and axial length (AL) elongation.
  • The LAMP study demonstrated dose-dependent reductions in SER progression (67% for 0.05%) and AL elongation (51% for 0.05%).
  • Higher atropine concentrations (0.5%, 0.1%) are associated with increased rebound effects, highlighting the importance of optimal dosing.

Conclusions:

  • Atropine is an effective and affordable medication for myopia control.
  • Careful consideration of atropine concentration is crucial to balance efficacy and minimize rebound.
  • Effective clinical application of atropine strategies is vital for global myopia management.