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Hypoglycemic Encephalopathy.

Dou Dou Li1, Bao-Ping Xu1, Ba-Yi Liu1

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhongshan Guangzhou China.

Clinical Case Reports
|April 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypoglycemic encephalopathy (HE) is a severe brain condition often linked to alcoholism. Diffusion-weighted MRI revealed widespread abnormalities in the brain, aiding in diagnosis.

Keywords:
alcohol poisoninghypoglycemiahypoglycemic encephalopathymagnetic resonance imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Hypoglycemic encephalopathy (HE) presents diagnostic challenges and can lead to severe neurological deficits or death.
  • Acute alcoholism is a potential, though less common, precipitating factor for HE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of hypoglycemic encephalopathy in the context of acute alcoholism.
  • To highlight the characteristic MRI findings, particularly diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), in this specific presentation of HE.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 59-year-old male patient.
  • Neuroimaging utilizing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), with a focus on diffusion-weighted sequences.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with HE secondary to acute alcoholism.
  • MRI, especially DWI, demonstrated diffuse high-signal intensity in critical brain regions including the basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, periventricular white matter, centrum semiovale, and corpus callosum.

Conclusions:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering HE in patients with altered mental status, even in the setting of acute alcoholism.
  • Characteristic DWI findings on MRI can be crucial for the early and accurate diagnosis of HE, guiding timely intervention.