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Peer-Assisted Learning Improves Confidence and Educational Outcomes: Evidence from a Randomised Control Trial
Ferdinand J O Boucher1, Bella A Magner-Parsons2, David MacDonald1
1University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 4TH England.
Medical Science Educator
|April 6, 2026
Summary
Near-Peer-Assisted Learning (NPAL) introductory sessions significantly boosted student test scores, response speed, and confidence. Review sessions showed no measurable impact, highlighting the value of pre-lecture NPAL interventions for academic success.
Area of Science:
- Educational Psychology
- Higher Education Pedagogy
- Learning Sciences
Background:
- Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL) and Near-Peer-Assisted Learning (NPAL) are widely adopted in higher education.
- Previous studies support PAL/NPAL's positive impact on engagement, progression, and retention.
- Controlled studies with quantifiable outcomes for (N)PAL efficacy are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively assess the impact of Near-Peer-Assisted Learning (NPAL) on student learning and confidence.
- To compare the effects of introductory (pre-lecture) and review (post-lecture) NPAL sessions.
- To provide experimental evidence for the efficacy of NPAL interventions.
Main Methods:
- A within-participant randomized control trial was conducted over four weeks.
- Participants experienced introductory NPAL, review NPAL, both, or a control condition in counterbalanced order.
- Weekly test scores, response speed, and self-reported confidence were measured.
Main Results:
- Attendance at introductory NPAL sessions positively impacted weekly test scores (p=.027).
- Introductory NPAL also improved response speed (p=.050) and self-reported confidence (p=.006) within the same week.
- No significant effect was detected for attending review NPAL sessions.
Conclusions:
- Introductory NPAL sessions provide measurable benefits to student academic performance and confidence.
- NPAL interventions can yield positive outcomes in a short timeframe.
- This study offers a framework for evaluating and designing effective NPAL programs in higher education.
Keywords:
Higher educationNear-peer-assisted learning (NPAL)Peer-assisted learning (PAL)Randomised control trial (RCT)Student confidenceWeekly test scoresMore Related Videos
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