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Leo Joon Il Moon1,2, Paul M Schindler3, Ryan J Smith2

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Researchers developed a novel quantum sensor using prethermal discrete time crystals to detect time-varying magnetic fields. This new sensor offers high sensitivity and operates in a challenging frequency range, showing promise for advanced quantum sensing applications.

Keywords:
Condensed-matter physicsQuantum metrologyStatistical physics, thermodynamics and nonlinear dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics and condensed matter.
  • Exploration of non-equilibrium states of matter.

Background:

  • Prethermal discrete time crystals exhibit long-range spatiotemporal order and subharmonic response.
  • Their robustness to drive protocol perturbations makes them suitable for quantum sensing.
  • Sensitivity to order parameter deviations is key for precise measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement frequency-selective detection of time-varying magnetic fields.
  • To utilize prethermal discrete time crystal order for magnetic field sensing.
  • To demonstrate a novel quantum sensing application in a specific spin system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a system of strongly driven, dipolar-coupled 13C nuclear spins in diamond.
  • Exploited the sensitivity of prethermal discrete time crystal order to magnetic field perturbations.
  • Incorporated an oscillating magnetic field into the time crystal dynamics to observe resonant response.

Main Results:

  • Achieved frequency-selective detection of time-varying magnetic fields.
  • Observed a sharp resonant response in the order parameter, extending the time crystal lifetime.
  • Demonstrated competitive sensitivity in the 0.5-50-kHz range, a challenging frequency band.

Conclusions:

  • Prethermal discrete time crystals can be effectively used as quantum sensors for magnetic fields.
  • The demonstrated sensing principle is robust to drive errors and sample inhomogeneities.
  • The approach is applicable to various quantum platforms, including superconducting circuits, neutral atoms, and trapped ions.