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Leukocytic function in hypogammaglobulinemia.

I D Mickenberg, R K Root, S M Wolff

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |August 1, 1970
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Patients with hypogammaglobulinemia have impaired leukocyte phagocytosis due to low levels of heat-stable opsonins in their plasma. Gamma globulin therapy can restore normal opsonic activity, improving host defenses.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Patients with hypogammaglobulinemia often suffer from recurrent infections.
    • Leukocyte function is crucial for effective host defense against pathogens.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the phagocytic, bactericidal, and metabolic functions of leukocytes in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia.
    • To identify the specific components in plasma that affect leukocyte opsonic capacity.

    Main Methods:

    • Leukocyte function assays (phagocytosis, bactericidal activity) were performed.
    • Patient and normal leukocytes were incubated in autologous or normal serum/plasma.
    • Opsonization assays were conducted with various bacteria and polystyrene beads.

    Main Results:

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  • Leukocyte functions were normal in normal serum but impaired in patient plasma.
  • Patient plasma showed reduced opsonization of Staphylococcus albus, pneumococci, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Normal serum contained significantly higher levels of heat-stable opsonins compared to patient serum.

    • Conclusions:

    • Hypogammaglobulinemia is associated with impaired leukocyte phagocytosis due to deficiencies in heat-stable opsonins.
    • Therapeutic administration of gamma globulin or IgG can restore opsonic activity.
    • These findings highlight the importance of opsonins in host defense against infections in hypogammaglobulinemic patients.