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Related Concept Videos

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

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Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
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Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
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Cytokinesis segregates a cell’s chromosomes and organelles into its daughter cells. Organelles divide and grow prior to cell division but cannot be synthesized de novo; therefore, cells must receive at least one copy of each organelle to survive. Currently, many of the details of how the organelles are distributed are not yet fully elucidated.
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Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
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Positioning the cell division plane is a critical step during development and cell differentiation, particularly during mitosis when the plane is essential for determining the size of the two daughter cells. The cell division plane is perpendicular to the plane of chromosome segregation, but different types of organisms have different cell division mechanisms to suit their morphology and function. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 7, 2026

Measuring Replicative Life Span in the Budding Yeast
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All cells have the capacity to time.

Eleanor H Simpson1, Peter D Balsam2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Learning and Cognition
|April 6, 2026
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Summary

Nonneuronal cells can track time. This study shows these cells provide a molecular readout of temporal stimulation patterns, offering a new model to understand cellular timing mechanisms in learning and memory.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • The temporal dynamics of experiences significantly influence learning, memory formation, forgetting, and extinction processes.
  • The underlying biological mechanisms governing how organisms perceive and process temporal information remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of nonneuronal cells to act as a biological timer.
  • To establish a cellular model for studying the fundamental processes of cellular timekeeping.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized nonneuronal cells in cell culture.
  • Analyzed molecular responses to varying temporal patterns of stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that nonneuronal cells can generate a molecular readout reflecting temporal differences in stimulation.
  • Indicated that these cells possess an intrinsic capability to distinguish between different timing patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Nonneuronal cells offer a viable and tractable model system for dissecting the mechanisms of cellular time perception.
  • This research opens new avenues for understanding how cells 'tell time', with implications for learning and memory research.