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Social Cognitive Deficits and Altered Multibrain Dynamics During Problem Solving in Heroin Abstainers: A Functional

Yifan Wang1, Wanyi Li1, Wenjuan Fu1

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Summary

Individuals with heroin use disorder (HUD) show impaired social cognition and problem-solving due to altered brain activity and interpersonal neural synchronization, linked to withdrawal symptoms.

Keywords:
Functional near-infrared spectroscopyHeroin use disorderPerspective takingProblem solvingProtracted withdrawal symptomsSocial cognitive deficits

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research
  • Social Cognition

Background:

  • Limited understanding of social functioning impairments in addiction.
  • Societal impact and treatment efficacy are hindered by this knowledge gap.
  • Focus on heroin use disorder (HUD) and its social cognitive deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Examine social cognitive impairment in HUD during social problem-solving.
  • Investigate the multi-brain neural underpinnings of these deficits.
  • Explore co-occurrence with protracted withdrawal symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 38 HUD pairs with 30 healthy control (HC) pairs.
  • Utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during a group problem-solving task.
  • Measured simultaneous intra-brain and interpersonal neural activity.

Main Results:

  • HUD pairs exhibited poorer problem-solving and reduced perspective-taking.
  • Observed reduced activation in right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and left orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC).
  • Disrupted interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) centered on rIFG, linked to poorer group performance and withdrawal symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced understanding of social cognitive deficits in addiction.
  • Provided novel insights into the interpersonal neural basis of these deficits.
  • Findings support targeted treatments to restore social functioning in addiction and psychiatric disorders.