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Prophylactic Effectiveness of Ramosetron versus Ondansetron for Preventing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in

D Akshatha1, Rashmi R Aithal, Shahbaz Haroon

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Annals of African Medicine
|April 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ramosetron significantly outperformed ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting, achieving a 92% complete response rate versus 58%. This study highlights ramosetron

Keywords:
5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 antagonistsAntagonistes de la 5-hydroxytryptamine de type 3antiemeticsantiémétiquesnausées postopératoiresondansetronondansétronpostoperative nausearamosetronramosétronvomissementsvomiting

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
  • Pharmacology and Therapeutics
  • Clinical Trial Research

Background:

  • Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) present a significant challenge in patient recovery and satisfaction.
  • 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonists are effective for PONV prophylaxis, but comparative data are limited.
  • This study evaluated the comparative efficacy of ramosetron and ondansetron for PONV prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the prophylactic effectiveness of ramosetron versus ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting.
  • To assess the incidence of emetic episodes and the need for rescue antiemetics.
  • To evaluate the safety profiles of both agents in the postoperative period.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective randomized trial involving 72 adult patients undergoing elective surgery.
  • Patients received either ramosetron 0.3 mg IV or ondansetron 4 mg IV 30 minutes before extubation.
  • Outcomes included emetic episodes, rescue antiemetic use, and adverse reactions over 24 hours postoperatively.

Main Results:

  • Ramosetron achieved a significantly higher complete prophylactic success rate (92%) compared to ondansetron (58%) (P=0.001).
  • Early postoperative vomiting (0-2h) occurred in 19.4% of ondansetron recipients versus 0% of ramosetron recipients (P=0.005).
  • Rescue antiemetic requirements were higher in the ondansetron group during the initial 2 hours (16.7% vs. 0%).

Conclusions:

  • Ramosetron demonstrates superior prophylactic efficacy against PONV compared to ondansetron.
  • The enhanced effectiveness of ramosetron is particularly notable during the early postoperative recovery phase.
  • Both medications exhibited comparable safety profiles with minimal adverse effects.