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Multi-omics analysis reveals new pathogenic methylation sites, genes, and potential regulatory pathways in essential

Xinmeng Hu1, Huizhen Jin1, Xiaoyang Li1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Epigenetics
|April 7, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This study identifies key DNA methylation sites and genes linked to essential hypertension (EH) in blood and arterial tissues. Findings highlight the FES gene

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

  • Essential hypertension (EH) pathophysiology remains complex, challenging effective blood pressure management.
  • Understanding the epigenetic landscape, specifically DNA methylation, is crucial for unraveling EH mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association of DNA methylation and gene expression with EH in both blood and arterial tissues.
  • To identify potential pathogenic methylation sites, genes, and regulatory pathways involved in EH.
  • To explore potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for EH.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in blood and arterial tissues from EH patients.
  • Gene expression profiling in matched tissue samples.
  • Integration of methylation and expression data to identify associated genes and pathways.
  • Summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) to assess causal relationships.

Main Results:

  • Identified 767 methylation sites and 159/111 differentially expressed genes in blood/arterial tissues associated with EH.
  • Discovered 41 genes consistently associated with EH across both tissue types.
  • Highlighted eight specific genes (FDFT1, FES, GNL3, NME6, SLC22A5, UBA7, ULK3, ZNF589) linked to EH risk via methylation.
  • Demonstrated methylation-mediated regulation of FES expression influencing EH risk in both tissues.
  • Identified 64 potential drug compounds targeting key genes like FDFT1, FES, ULK3, and SLC22A5.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple DNA methylation sites and genes are significantly associated with essential hypertension in blood and arterial tissues.
  • The methylation-mediated regulation of FES presents a potential novel pathway in EH pathogenesis.
  • These findings provide a foundation for developing novel EH biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:
DNA methylationEssential hypertensiongene expressionmulti-omicssummary data-based mendelian randomization

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