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Increasing Utilization Trends of Robotic Assistance in Orthopaedic Surgery.
Anish K Ponna1, Alec Giakas, Anthony A Khoudary
1From Drexel University College of Medicine (Mr. Ponna, Mr. Khoudary, Dr. Ilyas); the Rothman Orthopaedic Institute (Dr. Giakas, Dr. Ramtin, Mr. Soliman, Dr. Ilyas); and Sidney Kimmel Medical College (Dr. Giakas, Mr. Uggla, Dr. Ilyas), Philadelphia, PA.
Summary
Robotic-assisted orthopedic surgery utilization is increasing, especially for knee and spine procedures. However, disparities in access exist among different demographic and geographic groups.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic Surgery
- Surgical Technology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Robotic-assisted surgery adoption is growing in orthopaedics, notably in hip/knee arthroplasty and spine procedures.
- This study examines national trends and patient demographics for robotic-assisted orthopaedic surgeries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate national utilization trends of robotic-assisted orthopaedic surgeries.
- To analyze the demographic and geographic distribution of patients undergoing these procedures.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 1,072,714 orthopaedic surgeries (2017-2023) using the TriNetX database.
- Identified robot-assisted procedures using ICD-10 and CPT codes.
- Multivariable logistic regression analyzed sociodemographic factors associated with robotic surgery adoption.
Main Results:
- 5.1% of surgeries utilized robotics, with overall utilization increasing from 3.0% (2017) to 6.7% (2023).
- Knee arthroplasty robotic use rose from 5.7% to 13.8%; spine arthrodesis from 0.2% to 1.3%.
- Higher utilization observed in females, Asian patients, and married individuals. Black and Hispanic/Latino patients had lower utilization. Midwest region showed higher use, while South and West showed lower use compared to the Northeast.
Conclusions:
- Robotic-assisted orthopaedic surgery, particularly for knee arthroplasty and spine fusion, is expanding.
- Demonstrating long-term clinical benefits and ensuring equitable access are critical ongoing challenges.
