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Tracking Neural Activity Underlying Postural Control Dysfunction in a VR-Induced System: Demonstration Using

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    This study used virtual reality and EEG to assess postural control in Parkinson's disease (PD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Findings show altered neural activity in PD patients, suggesting potential for VR-EEG in neurological assessment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Clinical Neurology

    Background:

    • Disrupted postural control (PC) is common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
    • Altered neural oscillatory dynamics measured by electroencephalography (EEG) are linked to PC deficits.
    • Few studies have assessed these dynamics using ecologically valid paradigms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate cortical responses to multisensory stimulation during postural control using a virtual reality (VR) platform.
    • To determine if EEG time-frequency representations can differentiate pathological PC responses in PD and mTBI from healthy controls (HC).
    • To assess the feasibility of synchronized VR-EEG for capturing neural signatures of PC dysfunction.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized BioVRSea, a multimodal VR platform combining realistic postural perturbations with real-time EEG.
    • Evaluated EEG time-frequency representations in HC, PD, and mTBI groups during varying perturbation intensities.
    • Assessed motion sickness using the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire (MSSQ) and Motion Sickness Symptoms Scale.

    Main Results:

    • Older HC subgroups showed increased delta-theta power during perturbation.
    • PD participants exhibited increased delta-theta and alpha-beta spectral power compared to controls, especially at higher intensities.
    • No significant EEG differences were found between the mTBI group and matched controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Synchronized VR-EEG paradigms are feasible for capturing challenge-dependent neural signatures of PC dysfunction.
    • Findings suggest impaired sensorimotor integration in PD patients.
    • Further validation is needed to determine the clinical utility of VR-EEG in neurological assessment.