A Multidimensional Behavior Rating Scale (SCAMBS-DRS) for Pediatric Dental Care: Development and Validation

To develop and validate the SCAMBS rating scale, a multidimensional behavior rating scale assessing five domains-speech, communication and attention, motor,behavioral, and sensory difficulties-in pediatric dental settings for children with and without special healthcare needs.

An initial 42-item scale was generated through literature review and expert consultation. Content validation was conducted with eight experts (pediatric dentists, psychologists, speech-language pathologists, occupational therapists, special educators). The refined 34-item version was tested in workshops with 46 dental professionals for clarity and usability.

All items achieved strong content validity with Item-CVI scores above 0.78 and a Global Average CVI of 0.95. Domain-specific CVI scores ranged from 0.92 to 0.97. Inter-rater reliability among eight experts yielded a Fleiss' Kappa of 0.765, indicating substantial agreement.

The SCAMBS-DRS shows promise as a preliminary, valid, and clinically practical tool for assessing behavioral profiles of children, including those with special healthcare needs, in pediatric dental practice.

Provides a structured, multidimensional tool to assess specific behavioral challenges in children during dental visits. Supports improved care for children with and without special healthcare needs by identifying developmental and sensory issues early. Aids in personalized behavior management and clinical decision-making, improving treatment efficiency and outcomes.