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Beyond Data: Artificial intelligence, knowledge graphs, and the next revolution in wheat breeding.
Xiaoming Xie1, Peng Zhao1, Yuqi Zhang1
1Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Production of Wheat-Maize Double Cropping, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Plant Communications
|April 8, 2026
Summary
Advancements in wheat breeding leverage high-throughput data and artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance crop yield and resilience. This approach, termed Breeding 5.0, aims to ensure global food security amidst climate change challenges.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Genetics
- Computational Biology
Background:
- Wheat is vital for global food security but faces challenges from population growth and climate change.
- Traditional breeding methods struggle with the genetic complexity needed for yield and resilience improvements.
- Current breeding strategies are insufficient to meet future demands.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review key advances in wheat breeding technologies.
- To explore the integration of large-scale datasets, multi-omics, and AI in crop improvement.
- To outline the future of sustainable wheat production through data-driven innovation.
Main Methods:
- Integration of high-throughput genotyping and multidimensional phenotyping for standardized datasets.
- Application of multi-omics integration and knowledge graph frameworks.
- Utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning for predictive modeling and genomic selection.
Main Results:
- Generation of large-scale, standardized datasets for wheat improvement.
- Conversion of heterogeneous data into actionable breeding knowledge using AI and knowledge graphs.
- Development of predictive models and refined genomic selection strategies.
Conclusions:
- Breeding 5.0, integrating data-driven innovation and AI, represents a new paradigm for wheat breeding.
- Multimodal AI and personalized breeding strategies are essential for climate-resilient agriculture.
- These advancements are critical for ensuring global food security in a changing climate.
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