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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Inhalable Cryo-Shocked Tumor Cells for Synergistic Chemoimmunotherapy.

Pengxing Li1, Yu Miao1, Zhiqiang Wu2

  • 1Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

An innovative inhalable platform using treated lung cancer cells delivers chemotherapy and boosts the immune system, improving treatment and reducing side effects for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Keywords:
chemoimmunotherapycryo-shocked tumor cellsdoxorubicininhalable drug deliverylung cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cancer Therapy
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents significant treatment challenges, with chemoimmunotherapy limited by toxicity and timing issues.
  • Existing treatments often struggle with late diagnosis and suboptimal efficacy, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Developing localized delivery systems that combine chemotherapy with immune stimulation is crucial for improving NSCLC outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an innovative inhalable platform using liquid nitrogen-treated tumor cells (LNT cells) for dual drug delivery and immunostimulation in NSCLC.
  • To investigate the potential of LNT cells as carriers for sustained doxorubicin (DOX) release and induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD).
  • To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the inhalable LNT-DOX formulation in preclinical lung cancer models.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an inhalable platform using liquid nitrogen-treated non-small cell lung cancer cells (LNT cells) as drug carriers and immunostimulators.
  • Loading of doxorubicin (DOX) onto LNT cells for sustained release and induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD).
  • Inhalation delivery and evaluation of LNT-DOX in orthotopic lung cancer and pulmonary metastasis models, assessing tumor suppression, survival, and systemic toxicity.

Main Results:

  • Inhalable LNT cells demonstrated excellent pulmonary retention, high drug-loading capacity, and sustained DOX release.
  • LNT-DOX formulation effectively induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) and potent immune responses, including dendritic cell (DC) maturation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion.
  • Inhalation of LNT-DOX showed superior tumor suppression, significantly prolonged survival, and reduced systemic toxicity compared to conventional DOX administration in preclinical models.

Conclusions:

  • The developed inhalable LNT-DOX platform offers a transformative approach for NSCLC treatment by combining targeted chemotherapy with in situ immune activation.
  • This novel biomimetic system enhances therapeutic efficacy through sustained local chemotherapy, robust immune cell recruitment, and reduced systemic toxicity.
  • The LNT cell-based platform presents a promising strategy for overcoming current limitations in lung cancer therapy, paving the way for improved patient outcomes.