Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 9, 2026
Injections of Lipopolysaccharide into Mice to Mimic Entrance of Microbial-derived Products After Intestinal Barrier Breach
Published on: May 2, 2018
Elevated postoperative IL-1β induces disorder of intestinal microenvironment and alteration of gut microbiota
Wanyu Wang1,2, Xinyang Liao3, Jin Liu1,4
1Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Introduction:
Previous research hinted at the importance of postoperative gut dysbiosis prevention, but the mechanisms remained unclear, posing a challenge for prevention and therapy. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of postoperative dysbiosis and the underlying mechanisms.
Methods:
The clinical cohort investigated the perioperative change of gut microbiota in patients undergoing thoracoscopy and its relationship with peripheral inflammatory indicators. Gut microbiome was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Bugbase phenotype analysis. In the laboratory study, a mouse model of surgery/anesthesia stress was established to further investigate the potentially underlying mechanisms.
Results:
Microbiome analysis revealed a decrease in alpha diversity and a shift from obligate anaerobes to aerobes/facultative anaerobes after thoracoscopy. Postoperative IL-1β was negatively correlated with obligate anaerobe abundance and positively correlated with facultative anaerobe abundance. Higher facultative anaerobe abundance was associated with increased risk of postoperative complications and longer hospital stays. In the mouse model, surgery and rIL-1β intervention mirrored the oxygen phenotype changes in clinical cohort, and the colonic epithelium exhibited decreased ATP levels and hypoxic staining scores, with increased lactic acid. Downregulating postoperative IL-1β with IL-1β siRNA mitigated colonic hypoxic environment impairment and gut microbiota oxygen phenotype changes induced by surgery/anesthesia stress.
Conclusion:
Postoperative gut dysbiosis involves a phenotypic shift of the gut microbiota from anaerobes toward aerobes and facultative anaerobes. This shift may be driven by an IL-1β-colonic epithelial oxygen metabolism-colonic oxygen environment-gut microbiota regulatory axis, offering potential insights for early risk stratification of severe postoperative complications and strategies to improve postoperative recovery.
More Related Videos
08:07Author Spotlight: Isolation and Characterization of Equine Submucosal Enteric Glia — Implications for Preventing Postoperative Complications in Colic Surgery
Published on: October 4, 2024
07:34Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
Published on: December 16, 2021
Related Concept Videos
01:17Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
01:27Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine
01:21Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
01:22Gut-Brain Axis
01:27Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
01:18Functions of the Gut Microbiota