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Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

77
A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
77
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

23.9K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.9K
Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

7.3K
The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
7.3K
Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

144
A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...
144
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

21.0K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
21.0K
Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

5.7K
Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
5.7K

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Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
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Pressure-Induced Phase Transitions in Bilayer La3Ni2O7.

Mingyu Xu1, Greeshma C Jose2, Aya Rutherford3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and Interfaces
|April 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study investigates the pressure-dependent properties of the classical double-layered La3Ni2O7. High pressures induce structural symmetry transitions but do not reveal superconductivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Chemistry

Background:

  • La3Ni2O7 exhibits two polymorphs: an unconventional 1313 structure and a classical 2222 Ruddlesden-Popper phase.
  • The 2222 phase dominates under high-pressure conditions, influencing its physical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the pressure-dependent structural and electrical resistive properties of single crystals of the classical double-layered La3Ni2O7.
  • To construct a phase diagram based on electrical resistance measurements under varying pressure and magnetic field.

Main Methods:

  • Single crystals of La3Ni2O7 were grown using the floating-zone method under slightly elevated pressure.
  • Structural characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction up to 15.4 GPa.
  • Electrical resistance measurements were conducted under pressure up to 27.4 GPa and varying magnetic fields.

Main Results:

  • A gradual structural transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal symmetry was observed, completing between 12-14 GPa.
  • Electrical resistance measurements revealed a transition around 80 K at high pressures.
  • No definitive resistive signatures of superconductivity were detected up to 27.4 GPa.

Conclusions:

  • The classical double-layered La3Ni2O7 undergoes pressure-induced structural symmetry changes.
  • Despite a resistive transition at 80 K under high pressure, superconductivity was not observed in this study.