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Risk factors of hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy.

Lina Jeridi1, Emna Rejeb1, Nadia Romdhane1

  • 1Otorhinolaryngology Head Neck department, Habib Thameur Hospital, Tunis, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia.

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|April 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Postoperative hypothyroidism risk after hemithyroidectomy is linked to a history of hyperthyroidism, higher preoperative TSH, and smaller remaining thyroid lobe volume. Lymphocytic thyroiditis also increases this risk, necessitating careful monitoring.

Keywords:
hemithyroidectomyhypothyroidismincidencepostoperativerisk factorssurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Thyroidology

Background:

  • Hemithyroidectomy is a common procedure for thyroid diseases.
  • Post-surgical hypothyroidism can necessitate thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
  • Identifying risk factors for hypothyroidism post-hemithyroidectomy is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify predictors of hypothyroidism following hemithyroidectomy.
  • To analyze patient data for risk factors associated with post-surgical thyroid dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, analytical, and descriptive study design.
  • Inclusion of 190 patients undergoing hemithyroidectomy (2017-2022) with ≥12 months follow-up.
  • Definition of hypothyroidism: postoperative serum TSH > 5 mIU/L; data collected on patient history, lobe volume, and pathology.

Main Results:

  • 15.79% (30/190) of patients developed hypothyroidism.
  • Significant risk factors identified: history of hyperthyroidism, preoperative TSH > 1.9 mIU/L, remaining lobe volume < 3.8 cm³, and lymphocytic thyroiditis.
  • Clinical hypothyroidism signs observed in 2 patients.

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative TSH > 1.9 mIU/L, remaining lobe volume < 3.8 cm³, and lymphocytic thyroiditis are key indicators for hypothyroidism risk.
  • These factors warrant TSH monitoring for up to 12 months post-hemithyroidectomy.
  • Proactive monitoring can aid in timely diagnosis and management of post-surgical hypothyroidism.