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Drowning Among Tunisian Children: Clinical Patterns and Outcomes
Safa Mdimegh1, Boulbeba Elleuch2, Marwa Abdelbari3
1Department of Pediatrics Intensive Care. Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia; University of Sousse, Faculty of medecine. Sousse, Tunisia.
La Tunisie Medicale
|April 8, 2026
Summary
Pediatric drowning is a preventable public health issue. Factors like severe drowning stage, low Glasgow score, and hypothermia significantly predict mortality in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Intensive Care
- Emergency Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Drowning is a significant cause of mortality in children.
- Understanding pediatric drowning is crucial for prevention and treatment.
- This study focuses on clinical and therapeutic aspects of pediatric drowning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe clinical and therapeutic features of pediatric drowning.
- To identify predictive factors for mortality in pediatric drowning cases.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients (under 16) admitted to a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit from 2018-2022.
- Inclusion of 64 patients with detailed clinical and therapeutic data.
- Multivariate analysis to determine mortality predictors.
Main Results:
- Most drownings occurred in summer (92.2%) in seawater (76.6%), with a mean immersion time of 4 minutes.
- Severe drowning (stages 3-6) was common (70.3%), with frequent signs like tachypnea and abnormal auscultation.
- Mortality rate was 10.9%, with predictors including Szpilman stage 6, Glasgow score < 8, pupillary abnormalities, hypothermia, hepatic cytolysis, and low blood pH.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric drowning is a fatal, preventable global health problem.
- Mortality is influenced by epidemiological, clinical, and biological factors.
- Early identification of risk factors is key to improving outcomes.
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