Empowering healthcare professionals in anti-doping: A train-the-trainer approach

This study aimed to describe the implementation of a train-the-trainer anti-doping program for healthcare professionals and to evaluate a newly implemented structured educational intervention.

The Korea Anti-Doping Agency developed a "train-the-trainer" program for healthcare professionals covering major anti-doping topics of prohibited substances list, therapeutic use exemptions, athlete medication use, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, and doping control procedures. Program effectiveness was assessed using a validated post-program survey (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93), evaluating satisfaction, and self-reported anti-doping knowledge and confidence. Thematic analysis of open-ended responses was further explored.

Of 348 registrants, 300 (86.2%) completed the program, and 166 responded (response rate: 55.3%). Respondents demonstrated significant self-perceived improvements in anti-doping knowledge (median: 3.0 [IQR 2.0-4.0] to 4.0 [IQR 4.0-5.0]; median difference: 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00-1.50, p < 0.001) and confidence (median: 3.0 [IQR 2.0-4.0] to 4.0 [IQR 4.0-5.0]; median difference: 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00-1.50, p < 0.001). Overall satisfaction was high (median 5.0, IQR 4.0-5.0). Qualitative feedback highlighted curriculum relevance and practicality. However, Challenges were noted with online sessions engagement and unclear post-program career pathways. Participants requested advanced or specialty-focused follow-up training, and variation in baseline knowledge across professions was noted as a challenge for uniform content delivery.

The inaugural program improved participants' satisfaction with the training program and increased self-reported anti-doping knowledge and confidence.