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Mapping the evidence on dental prostheses and cardiovascular events: A scoping review
Monika Werdiningsih1,2, En-Chih Weng1, Yoko Hasegawa1,3
1Division of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Purpose:
This scoping review aimed to map and summarize existing evidence on the association between dental prosthesis use and cardiovascular events, highlighting current trends, methodological heterogeneity, and knowledge gaps to guide future research.
Study Selection:
This scoping review followed the methodologies described by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Literature searches were performed using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases on November 10, 2024. Eligible studies included observational studies involving adults with diagnosed or undiagnosed cardiovascular disease (CVD) who use dental prostheses (removable, fixed, or implant-supported). Data were extracted and synthesized descriptively to map existing evidence.
Results:
Seven studies were included: six cohort studies and one cross-sectional study. A cross-sectional study reported higher odds of angina, heart failure, and stroke among prosthesis users, whereas another cohort study found no significant association between recurrent myocardial infarction and stroke. Among the cohort studies assessing cardiovascular-related mortality, four reported a lower mortality risk among prosthesis users, while two observed a higher risk, particularly among complete or mixed-prosthesis users. Overall, the findings were inconsistent owing to methodological and population differences across studies.
Conclusions:
This review mapped and summarized existing evidence on the association between dental prosthesis use and cardiovascular events. The available evidence remains limited, inconclusive, and heterogeneous, with variations in study design and confounder adjustments hindering clear interpretation. Further longitudinal studies using standardized methods are required to clarify these associations through interdisciplinary research.
