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Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

Stem Cell Culture

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...

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Updated: Apr 10, 2026

Enrichment and Purging of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Detection of Cell Surface Antigens Using the Monoclonal Antibodies TG30 and GCTM-2

Enrichment and Purging of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Detection of Cell Surface Antigens Using the Monoclonal Antibodies TG30 and GCTM-2

Published on: December 6, 2013

A guide to using embedded ethics in human stem-cell-based embryo model research.

Heidi Beate Bentzen^1,2, Maxence Gaillard^3,4, Iftach Nachman⁵

¹Centre for Medical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. h.b.bentzen@medisin.uio.no.

Nature Cell Biology

|April 8, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Human stem-cell-based embryo models require a new ethics approach. Embedded ethics involves continuous scientist-ethicist dialogue for responsible research and public trust in human stem-cell-based embryo models (hSCBEMs).

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Bioethics
Stem Cell Research

Background:

Human stem-cell-based embryo models (hSCBEMs) present significant research opportunities.
Rapid advancements in hSCBEMs outpace traditional ethics review processes.
Ensuring public trust and responsible governance is crucial for this field.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose 'embedded ethics' as a novel framework for evaluating hSCBEM research.
To establish a dynamic, iterative, and integrative approach for ongoing ethical assessment.
To guide responsible innovation and maintain public confidence in stem cell research.

Main Methods:

Implementing 'embedded ethics' through continuous dialogue between scientists and ethicists.
Utilizing a nested benchmarking strategy to assess hSCBEMs against human embryo development.
Defining decision points and ethical boundaries via iterative evaluation of project goals and regulations.

Main Results:

Embedded ethics facilitates proactive identification of emerging ethical issues.
The approach supports the co-construction of responsible research pathways.
Nested benchmarking provides a hierarchical evaluation of embryo-likeness and developmental stage.

Conclusions:

Embedded ethics offers a robust framework for navigating the complexities of hSCBEM research.
This approach promotes responsible governance and scientific integrity.
Continuous ethical assessment is vital for fostering public trust in stem cell-based embryo models.