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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
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Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
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Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization
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Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders in Children with Epilepsy: Prevalence and Risk Factors.

Aayushi Agrawal1, Neelu Desai2, Deepak Phalgune3

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Child Neurology and Epilepsy, Section of Paediatrics, P D Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mahim, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
|April 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) are common in children with epilepsy (CWE), affecting nearly half of them. Routine screening for SRBDs is recommended, particularly in drug-resistant cases, to improve seizure control and quality of life.

Keywords:
Epilepsypediatric sleep questionnairesleep-related breathing disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) are frequently underdiagnosed in children with epilepsy (CWE).
  • SRBDs can negatively impact seizure control and overall quality of life in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of SRBDs in children with epilepsy (CWE) using the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ).
  • To identify clinical factors associated with the presence of SRBDs in CWE.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study involving 238 CWE from a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India.
  • The Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) was administered, with a score >8/22 indicating potential SRBDs.
  • Chi-square tests were used for categorical variable comparisons.

Main Results:

  • SRBDs were identified in 44.5% of CWE based on PSQ scores.
  • SRBDs were significantly more common in children on multiple anti-seizure medications (ASMs) (50.7%) versus fewer than two (36.7%).
  • Prevalence was higher in drug-resistant epilepsy (58.0%) compared to drug-responsive epilepsy (31.1%).

Conclusions:

  • SRBDs are a prevalent comorbidity in children with epilepsy.
  • Routine screening for SRBDs in CWE, especially those with drug-resistant epilepsy, is recommended.
  • Early detection and management of SRBDs may improve seizure control and neurobehavioral outcomes.