Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Simulating Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Using a Neonatal Piglet Model
04:55

Author Spotlight: Simulating Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Using a Neonatal Piglet Model

Published on: May 26, 2023

1.5K

Acute gastrointestinal injury in children on ECMO: an analysis of risk factors

Liting Hou1,2, Jiaqi Li1,2, Bin Yan2

  • 1Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.

Frontiers in Medicine
|April 9, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) face a high risk of acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI). Key risk factors include elevated lactate, longer ECMO duration, and proton pump inhibitor use, while early enteral nutrition is protective.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Cardiopulmonary support

Background:

  • Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) is a significant complication in pediatric patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
  • Understanding risk factors for AGI is crucial for improving patient outcomes during ECMO therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify independent risk factors associated with the development of significant AGI in pediatric patients receiving ECMO.
  • To explore potential protective factors against AGI in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 62 pediatric patients treated with ECMO.
  • Patients classified into significant AGI (grade II or higher) and non-significant AGI groups.
  • Binary logistic regression analysis to determine risk factors for significant AGI.

Main Results:

  • Significant AGI occurred in 45.16% of patients.
  • Independent risk factors for significant AGI included elevated pre-ECMO lactate levels, prolonged ECMO duration, and pre-ECMO proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use.
  • Early enteral nutrition initiation (within 48 hours) was identified as a protective factor.

Conclusions:

  • The incidence of significant AGI is high in pediatric ECMO patients.
  • Elevated lactate, prolonged ECMO, and PPI use are significant risk factors for AGI.
  • Early enteral nutrition demonstrates a protective effect against AGI in pediatric ECMO patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
AGIacute gastrointestinal injurychildrenextracorporeal membrane oxygenationrisk factors

More Related Videos

In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis09:11

In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Published on: June 8, 2022

2.9K
Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Mouse06:41

Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Mouse

Published on: October 24, 2018

13.2K

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
1.3K
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
2.0K
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
496
Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
1.0K
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
513
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
1.5K