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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 10, 2026

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
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See what I mean? Reading visual verbs modulates ocular dynamics.

Isabel Orenes1, Enrique García-Marco2,3, Manuel de Vega3

  • 1Department of Basic Psychology, National Distance Education University (UNED), Madrid, Spain.

Language, Cognition and Neuroscience
|April 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sensory words, like "see," can influence eye movements during reading. This study found that visual verbs reduced pupil dilation, suggesting peripheral language embodiment.

Keywords:
embodied cognitioneye-trackinglanguagevisual verbs

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Embodiment research links action verbs to body movements.
  • The question remains whether sensory words affect peripheral perceptual systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if ocular dynamics are modulated by visual sensory words during reading.
  • To explore peripheral language embodiment through eye-tracking.

Main Methods:

  • An eye-tracking experiment was conducted with participants reading sentences.
  • Sentences contained either visual verbs (e.g., "see") or non-visual sensory verbs (e.g., "smell").
  • Pupil size, fixation count, and fixation duration were measured and compared between conditions.

Main Results:

  • Reading visual verbs led to reduced pupil dilation compared to non-visual verbs.
  • This effect was observed across verbs, nouns, and adjectives in the sentence.
  • No significant differences were found in the number or duration of fixations.

Conclusions:

  • Ocular dynamics are modulated by the sight-related meanings of words.
  • Findings support theories of peripheral language embodiment, extending embodiment beyond motor systems.