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Brief Report: Association of HIV and HCV With Adverse Coronary Artery Phenotypes in Women: Findings From a

Sanyog G Shitole1,2,3, Ethan Chen1,2, Mahim Naveed1

  • 1Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (1999)
|April 9, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Women with HIV showed increased noncalcified plaque, while HCV-positive women had higher coronary artery calcium. These findings highlight cardiovascular risks in these populations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • HIV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) increase coronary heart disease risk.
  • Previous studies on coronary plaque in HIV/HCV populations were male-predominant.
  • Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) links HIV to noncalcified plaque and HCV to both calcified and noncalcified plaque.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate associations of HIV and HCV status with adverse coronary artery phenotypes in women.
  • Examine total plaque, noncalcified plaque, and coronary artery calcium (CAC) using CCTA.
  • Address data gaps regarding cardiovascular risks in women with HIV and/or HCV.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study utilizing CCTA.
  • Inclusion of women from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/Women's Interagency HIV Study Combined Cohort Study.
  • Analysis of HIV and HCV status in relation to coronary plaque characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Women with HIV (WWHIV) showed a near-significant increase in noncalcified plaque volume.
  • HCV-positive women exhibited significantly higher coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores.
  • HCV-positive women also had increased odds of noncalcified and total plaque, even after viremia clearance.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support an association between HIV and higher-risk noncalcified plaque in women.
  • A more calcific plaque phenotype is associated with HCV-positive women, irrespective of viremic status.
  • Emphasizes the need for cardiovascular prevention and HCV screening in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
HCVHIVcoronary artery disease

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