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The rain feels different under the same umbrella: Experiences with poverty across LGBTQ subgroups
Bianca D M Wilson1, Lillian Nguyen2
1Department of Social Welfare, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
American Journal of Community Psychology
|April 9, 2026
Summary
Economic insecurity affects LGBTQ adults differently based on their specific sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI). This study reveals unique poverty pathways and challenges for diverse SOGI subgroups, advocating for tailored support.
Area of Science:
- Social Sciences
- Sociology
- Public Health
Background:
- LGBTQ communities face economic insecurity, but research on subgroup-specific poverty experiences is limited.
- Understanding diverse pathways into poverty among sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) subgroups is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To qualitatively examine the lived experiences of poverty among low-income LGBTQ adults.
- To identify distinct economic challenges and supports across various SOGI subgroups.
Main Methods:
- Constructivist grounded theory analysis.
- In-depth interviews with 92 low-income LGBTQ adults.
Main Results:
- Shared economic insecurities exist, but specific challenges varied by SOGI subgroup.
- Themes included negotiating manhood (trans men), housing stigma (trans women), education (nonbinary people), mothering impacts (cisgender bisexual women), family/work pressures (cisgender lesbian women), masculinity expectations (cisgender bisexual men), and HIV stigma/support (cisgender gay men).
Conclusions:
- Challenges monolithic narratives of LGBTQ poverty.
- Highlights the need for structural interventions addressing diverse LGBTQ economic realities.
- Offers implications for policy, practice, and research on economic justice for LGBTQ individuals.
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