Association Between Depression Subtypes and Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Psychiatry
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and depression are chronic conditions with unclear origins.
• The relationship between depression subtypes and IC/BPS risk is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between different subtypes of depression and the risk of developing IC/BPS.
• To compare the incidence and time to onset of IC/BPS among patients with recurrent major depression, single-episodic major depression, and persistent depression.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a nationwide database to identify patients newly diagnosed with depression between 2002 and 2013.
• Stratified depression patients into recurrent major depression (RD), single-episodic major depression (SD), and persistent depression (PD) groups.
• Employed propensity-score matching to compare IC/BPS risk between depression cohorts and a non-depression cohort, also evaluating incidence rates and time to IC/BPS onset.

Main Results:

• Patients with recurrent major depression (RD) and persistent depression (PD) showed a significantly higher likelihood of developing IC/BPS compared to the non-depression cohort.
• RD and PD cohorts experienced a significantly shorter time interval to IC/BPS onset.
• Single-episodic depression (SD) showed a shorter time to onset but a non-significant increase in IC/BPS risk.

Conclusions:

• Persistent and recurrent major depressive disorders are linked to an elevated risk and shorter onset time for IC/BPS.
• These findings suggest increased susceptibility to IC/BPS in patients with persistent and recurrent depression.
• Early detection and management of persistent and recurrent depression are crucial for potentially mitigating IC/BPS risk or delaying its onset.