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Characterizing fatal drownings in Newfoundland and Labrador: 2014 - 2023.

Cindy Whitten1,2, Syed Raza3, Allyson Summers3

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Summary

In Newfoundland and Labrador, 158 drowning deaths occurred between 2014-2023. Most were unintentional, with occupational incidents in the ocean and recreational incidents lacking personal flotation device (PFD) use.

Keywords:
Drowning deathsFishingNewfoundland and LabradorOccupational health and safetySubstances

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Injury Prevention

Background:

  • Newfoundland and Labrador's island geography leads to high water activity, increasing drowning risks.
  • Previous literature lacks analysis of recreational versus occupational drowning trends.
  • Water-related activities are prevalent due to cultural and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the epidemiology of drowning deaths in Newfoundland and Labrador from 2014 to 2023.
  • To differentiate between recreational and occupational drowning trends.
  • To identify risk factors and demographics associated with drowning fatalities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized chart reviews of death investigation reports from the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner.
  • Analyzed data from 2014 to 2023 for drowning-related deaths in Newfoundland and Labrador.
  • Identified decedent demographics and risk factors for drowning.

Main Results:

  • A total of 158 drowning deaths occurred between 2014 and 2023, predominantly among males.
  • Recreational drownings peaked in summer, with a notable absence of personal flotation device (PFD) use.
  • Occupational drownings primarily occurred in the ocean (94%) and were unintentional.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest a need for improved vessel safety enforcement to reduce occupational drownings.
  • Lack of mandatory PFD use in recreational fishing may contribute to fatalities.
  • Enhanced PFD usage, safety enforcement, and public education are recommended.