Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Random Error01:04

Random Error

10.1K
Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
10.1K
The Second Law of Thermodynamics01:14

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

7.3K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Scientists refer to the measure of randomness or disorder within a system as entropy. High entropy means high disorder and low energy. To better understand entropy, think of a student’s bedroom. If no energy or work were put into it, the room would quickly become messy. It would exist in a very disordered state, one of high entropy. Energy must be...
7.3K
Second Law of Thermodynamics02:49

Second Law of Thermodynamics

28.6K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Processes that involve an increase in entropy of the system (ΔS > 0) are very often spontaneous; however, examples to the contrary are plentiful. By expanding consideration of entropy changes to include the surroundings, a significant conclusion regarding the relation between this property and spontaneity may be reached. In thermodynamic models, the...
28.6K
Second Law of Thermodynamics00:53

Second Law of Thermodynamics

70.5K
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that entropy, or the amount of disorder in a system, increases each time energy is transferred or transformed. Each energy transfer results in a certain amount of energy that is lost—usually in the form of heat—that increases the disorder of the surroundings. This can also be demonstrated in a classic food web. Herbivores harvest chemical energy from plants and release heat and carbon dioxide into the environment. Carnivores harvest the...
70.5K
Probability Laws01:49

Probability Laws

45.2K
Overview
45.2K
Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error00:59

Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error

2.2K
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Femtosecond coherence dynamics of exciton-polaritons.

National science review·2026
Same author

Quantum statistics of polariton condensates in the weak lasing regime.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Polariton lattices as binarized neuromorphic networks.

Light, science & applications·2025
Same author

Coherent optical spin Hall transport for polaritonics at room temperature.

Nature materials·2024
Same author

Optical Biosensor Based on Porous Silicon and Tamm Plasmon Polariton for Detection of CagA Antigen of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Stochastic circular persistent currents of exciton polaritons.

Scientific reports·2024
Same journal

Erratum for the Research Article "Detecting supramolecular organic nanoparticles during heat wave".

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Local signals, systemic decline.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

The mechanics of liver regeneration.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Computing in a memory with physics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Retraction.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Making time.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K

A universal law for random fluctuations.

Alexey Kavokin1,2, Stella Kavokina1,2

  • 1School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed a universal scaling theory in nonequilibrium systems using a two-dimensional array of quasiparticles. This finding advances our understanding of complex quantum systems and their behavior.

More Related Videos

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology
13:44

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology

Published on: March 11, 2015

10.0K
Measuring Microbial Mutation Rates with the Fluctuation Assay
07:44

Measuring Microbial Mutation Rates with the Fluctuation Assay

Published on: November 28, 2019

25.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 11, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K
Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology
13:44

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology

Published on: March 11, 2015

10.0K
Measuring Microbial Mutation Rates with the Fluctuation Assay
07:44

Measuring Microbial Mutation Rates with the Fluctuation Assay

Published on: November 28, 2019

25.6K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum mechanics

Background:

  • Nonequilibrium systems are crucial for understanding phenomena beyond thermodynamic equilibrium.
  • Universal scaling theories predict similar behavior in diverse systems under specific conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally verify a universal scaling theory for nonequilibrium systems.
  • To investigate the behavior of quasiparticles in a two-dimensional array.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and manipulation of a two-dimensional array of quasiparticles.
  • Measurement of quasiparticle dynamics and correlations.

Main Results:

  • Experimental confirmation of the predicted universal scaling laws.
  • Observation of emergent behavior in the quasiparticle array.

Conclusions:

  • The study validates the universal scaling theory for a broad class of nonequilibrium systems.
  • Quasiparticle arrays provide a powerful platform for studying fundamental physics.