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Sama J Shubbar1, Ahsan F Bairam1
1DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF KUFA, NAJAF, IRAQ.
Objective:
Aim: To evaluate the anti-tumor potential of SAXA on A549 cells and assess its combinatory effects with CP on cell viability and apoptosis markers.
Patients And Methods:
Materials and Methods: Four primary groups were utilized from A549 lung cancer cell lines: unprocessed Cells (control), cells subjected to CP treatment, cells subjected to SAXA treatment, and cells treated with CP plus SAXA, thereby obtained a combination of varying concentrations of CP and SAXA. Five used concentrations (62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000) μg/mL for SAXA and 0.9, 1.87, 3.75, 7.5, and 15 μg/mL for CP with four duplicates employed for each treated group. Incubated for 72hr., cells gathered, centrifuged, and supernatants were eliminated, while particles were gathered to determine BCL2 and BAX levels using ELISA test kits.
Results:
Results: SAXA dramatically reduced A549 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of SAXA and CP also displayed cytotoxicity; however, no synergistic effect was found above CP alone. Notably, the combined treatment dramatically lowered BCL2 levels (p < 0.001), but BAX levels remained stable (p > 0.05).
Conclusion:
Conclusions: SAXA showed promising anti-cancer action against A549 cells. Although the combination with CP did not boost cytotoxicity, the observed pro-apoptotic reduction in BCL2 implies potential therapeutic efficacy.
Insights
SAXA demonstrates anti-cancer properties against A549 lung cancer cells. While not synergistic with cisplatin (CP), SAXA shows potential by reducing BCL2, a key apoptosis marker.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.
- Novel therapeutic agents are crucial for improving treatment outcomes.
- A549 cells are a commonly used human lung adenocarcinoma cell line for preclinical research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-tumor effects of SAXA on A549 lung cancer cells.
- To evaluate the combined efficacy of SAXA and cisplatin (CP) on cell viability.
- To assess the impact of SAXA and CP on apoptosis markers BCL2 and BAX.
Main Methods:
- A549 cells were treated with varying concentrations of SAXA and CP, individually and in combination.
- Cell viability was assessed after 72-hour incubation.
- Levels of BCL2 and BAX proteins were quantified using ELISA kits.
Main Results:
- SAXA exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against A549 cells.
- The combination of SAXA and CP showed cytotoxicity, but no synergistic effect was observed compared to CP alone.
- Combined treatment significantly decreased BCL2 levels (p < 0.001) while BAX levels remained unchanged (p > 0.05).
Conclusions:
- SAXA possesses significant anti-cancer activity against A549 lung cancer cells.
- The combination of SAXA with CP did not enhance overall cytotoxicity.
- SAXA's ability to downregulate BCL2 suggests a pro-apoptotic mechanism and potential therapeutic value.
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