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Pupillometry to Assess Auditory Sensation in Guinea Pigs

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Published on: January 6, 2023

Age-related differences in memory encoding as a function of pupillary dynamics.

Adrian Ruiz Chiapello¹, Enzo Buscato¹, Muriel Mescam¹

¹Univ Toulouse, CNRS, CerCo, Toulouse, France.

Neurobiology of Aging

|April 9, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults show reduced pupillary responses linked to memory encoding, suggesting impaired brainstem locus coeruleus (LC) function affects cognitive aging. Pupillometry reveals age-related differences in memory and physiological correlates.

Keywords:

Aging Executive functions Locus coeruleus Memory Neuromodulation Pupil

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Gerontology

Background:

Pupillary dynamics are modulated by the brainstem locus coeruleus (LC), impacting cognitive functions like memory.
Aging is associated with structural decline in the LC, potentially affecting memory and pupillary responses.
The relationship between pupil dilation and memory encoding in aging remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate age-related differences in pupillary dynamics during incidental memory encoding.
To examine the association between pupil responses and subsequent memory recognition in young and older adults.
To explore how pupillary correlates of memory (e.g., recollection vs. familiarity) differ with age.

Main Methods:

Young and older adults performed a rapid categorization task with incidental encoding of visual scenes.
Pupil responses (pre-stimulus size, phasic dilation) were recorded during encoding.
Recognition memory was assessed 24 hours later, distinguishing between familiarity and recollection.

Main Results:

Categorization success correlated with smaller pre-stimulus pupil size.
Older adults exhibited attenuated phasic pupil responses compared to young adults.
Pupil dilation during encoding predicted memory performance in young adults but not older adults.
Pupillary responses differentiated recollection from familiarity in young adults, but not in older adults.

Conclusions:

Age-related attenuation of phasic pupil responses may reflect impaired locus coeruleus (LC) neuromodulation.
Pupil dilation is linked to memory encoding and retrieval processes in young adults, with differences observed between recollection and familiarity.
These pupillary patterns associated with memory are altered in older adults, potentially due to impaired LC function, highlighting pupillometry's utility in aging research.