Dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular risk - Key considerations in South Asians

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Genetics

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of mortality.
• South Asians exhibit a two-fold higher risk of atherosclerotic CVD compared to White Caucasians.
• South Asians have a higher predisposition to atherogenic lipid profiles, a key modifiable CVD risk factor.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review cardiovascular risk factors in South Asian populations.
• To highlight ethnic-specific differences in CVD risk, presentation, and management.
• To emphasize the need for targeted research and interventions for South Asians.

Main Methods:

• This is a narrative review.
• The review synthesizes existing literature on CVD in South Asians.
• Key differences in risk factors, disease presentation, and treatment strategies are examined.

Main Results:

• South Asians experience a disproportionately higher burden of CVD, particularly coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction.
• Dyslipidemia is a significant and prevalent risk factor in this demographic.
• Understanding ethnic-specific nuances is critical for effective CVD prevention and management.

Conclusions:

• Effective dyslipidemia management requires culturally tailored strategies for South Asian populations.
• Targeted research is essential to address the elevated CVD risk in South Asians.
• Reducing the CVD burden in South Asians necessitates a focus on ethnic-specific risk factors and interventions.