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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Quantifying Infra-slow Dynamics of Spectral Power and Heart Rate in Sleeping Mice
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Sleeping brain oscillates with intensity-induced auditory rhythm.

Yan Wang1, Lingxi Lu2, Lingyan Ma3

  • 1Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

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|April 9, 2026
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Summary

The sleeping brain can perceive rhythms from sound intensity changes, showing enhanced frontal and parietal activity during sleep. This processing is preserved across non-REM (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep stages.

Keywords:
Auditory rhythmFrequency taggingMEGSleepSound intensity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Perception
  • Sleep Research

Background:

  • Auditory rhythms influence movement synchronization during wakefulness.
  • The sleeping brain's ability to process intensity-specific acoustic rhythms is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the sleeping brain can detect and process rhythms induced by sound intensity variations.
  • To explore neural correlates of rhythm perception during sleep.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a frequency-tagging paradigm with simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG).
  • Presented participants with vocal syllables at a specific frequency with modulated sound intensity during wakefulness and sleep (NREM and REM).

Main Results:

  • Cortical activity synchronized with the intensity-modulated rhythm frequency during sleep.
  • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) showed enhanced spectral power at the rhythm frequency during both NREM and REM sleep, though weaker than during wakefulness.
  • Increased engagement of the superior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobe was observed during sleep-based rhythm processing.

Conclusions:

  • The processing of intensity-induced auditory rhythms is maintained during both NREM and REM sleep.
  • Sleep involves enhanced higher-order temporal organization of rhythmic auditory information, particularly in frontal and parietal regions.
  • Neural signal strength varied across sleep stages, with lighter sleep showing stronger responses.