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Related Experiment Video

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Spatiotemporal Dynamics in Prespeech Semantic Category Decoding: An Intracranial EEG Study.

Ye Jin Park1, Jii Kwon2, Gyuwon Lee2

  • 1Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

Eneuro
|April 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Decoding semantic categories before speech involves distinct brain activity patterns. The left hemisphere shows a frontal-to-parietal cascade, while the right hemisphere has an occipital-to-temporal pathway, revealing hemispheric differences in neural processing.

Keywords:
cortical dynamicsintracranial EEGpre-speech processingsemantic decodingspeech production

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Decoding high-level language representations before speech is a significant challenge in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs).
  • Previous research often focused on acoustic or articulatory features, leaving the spatiotemporal dynamics of semantic category decoding unclear.
  • Understanding how the brain processes meaning in the pre-speech window is crucial for advancing BCIs and cognitive neuroscience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of semantic category decoding in the human brain during the pre-speech interval.
  • To analyze high-gamma (HG) electrocorticography (ECoG) signals to identify brain regions and temporal patterns involved in semantic processing.
  • To explore hemispheric differences in the unfolding of semantic representations and interregional communication.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of high-gamma (HG, 70-170 Hz) ECoG signals from 20 subjects during a word-reading task.
  • Time-resolved decoding of semantic categories (body vs. non-body related words) within the pre-speech window (0-500 ms post-word presentation).
  • Group-level analysis pooling features across subjects within Brodmann areas (BAs) and cross-temporal regression to assess interregional predictive relationships.

Main Results:

  • Significant above-chance semantic category decoding was observed in both hemispheres.
  • The left hemisphere exhibited a frontal-temporal-occipital-parietal cascade (dlPFC at 50 ms, temporal/fusiform gyri at 350-400 ms, SMG at 500 ms).
  • The right hemisphere showed an occipital-temporal-frontal-temporal-parietal sequence (visual/TP at 50-100 ms, dlPFC at 200 ms, FG at 400 ms, angular gyrus at 450 ms).
  • Cross-temporal regression revealed predictive links, such as early dlPFC predicting later SMG activity in the left hemisphere, and a brief TP-to-angular gyrus link in the right.

Conclusions:

  • Semantic category decoding relies on temporally structured interregional interactions, with distinct patterns observed between the left and right hemispheres.
  • The findings highlight hemispheric specialization in the timing and spatial progression of semantic representation during the pre-speech interval.
  • This research provides insights into the neural basis of semantic processing and can inform the development of more sophisticated neural decoding frameworks for BCIs.