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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

1.9K
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Event- and Time-Based Prospective Memory and Time Perception in Autistic Adults With and Without Intellectual

Daniela Nürnberg1, Mareike Altgassen1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|April 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autistic adults, including those with intellectual disabilities, showed similar prospective memory (PM) skills to neurotypical adults. However, autistic individuals experienced challenges with naturalistic time perception, which impacted PM performance in both groups.

Keywords:
high‐functioning autismintellectual disabilitylow‐functioning autismprospective memorytime perception

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder Research

Background:

  • Prospective memory (PM) is crucial for daily functioning.
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can affect cognitive abilities, but research on PM and time perception in autistic adults, especially those with intellectual disabilities, is limited.
  • Understanding these cognitive functions in autistic adults is vital for developing targeted support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate time perception and prospective memory (PM) in autistic adults, including those with intellectual disabilities.
  • To compare the performance of autistic adults and neurotypical controls on event-based and time-based PM tasks.
  • To examine the relationship between time perception abilities and PM performance in autistic and neurotypical adults.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-four adults (32 autistic, 32 neurotypical), aged 18-65, participated.
  • Participants completed computerized event- and time-based PM tasks.
  • Time perception was assessed using naturalistic and comprehensive tasks (estimation, production, reproduction).

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in PM task performance were found between autistic and neurotypical groups after controlling for verbal abilities.
  • Both groups performed comparably on event-based versus time-based PM tasks.
  • Autistic participants demonstrated deficits in naturalistic time perception compared to controls, but not in comprehensive tasks.
  • Better time perception correlated with improved PM performance in both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Autistic adults, including those with intellectual disabilities, exhibit comparable prospective memory abilities to neurotypical adults.
  • Difficulties in naturalistic time perception among autistic individuals may impact prospective memory.
  • Further research is needed to support autistic individuals in daily life, given the importance of PM and time perception.