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Monocyte Lineage Expansion Drives Transcriptomic Individuality in Genetically Identical Armadillo Quadruplets.

Risa Karakida Kawaguchi1,2,3, Sara Ballouz1,4, Maria T Pena5

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Even genetically identical armadillos show unique molecular fingerprints. Transcriptomic individuality reflects stable differences in immune cell composition, influenced by early developmental events.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Phenotypic variation exists even among genetically identical individuals.
  • Allele-specific expression (ASE) imbalances in armadillo quadruplets previously identified as molecular fingerprints of individuality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if transcriptomic individuality reflects functional biological differences.
  • To investigate the link between gene expression signatures and immune cell composition in genetically identical individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Profiling bulk blood RNA from five cohorts of genetically identical armadillo quadruplets across three time points.
  • Performing single-cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq on a highly variable quadruplet cohort.
  • Analyzing gene-expression signatures and cell-type composition.

Main Results:

  • Persistent gene-expression signatures were found that predict individual identity across cohorts.
  • The most distinct individual in a variable cohort exhibited an expanded monocyte-lineage compartment.
  • Gene-expression programs related to inflammation and differentiation were enriched in the distinct individual, showing stability over time and infection.

Conclusions:

  • Transcriptomic individuality is linked to lasting differences in immune-cell composition.
  • Early stochastic events can lead to persistent, biologically significant divergence among genetically identical individuals.
  • Cellular composition variation contributes to transcriptomic individuality in armadillos.