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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Online Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocol for Measuring Cortical Physiology Associated with Response Inhibition
08:55

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Trajectories of Response Inhibition Development in Adolescence.

Junda Zhu1, Colton R Smith2, Clément M Garin2,3

  • 1Program in Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN 37235 USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|April 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Adolescent brain development shows improved response inhibition, linked to prefrontal cortex activity and white matter maturation. This study tracked monkeys longitudinally to understand these crucial cognitive changes during adolescence.

Keywords:
antisaccademonkeyneurophysiologyprefrontal cortexpuberty

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Response inhibition is crucial for behavior and matures through adolescence.
  • The neural underpinnings of this maturation are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural basis of response inhibition maturation during adolescence.
  • To link cognitive performance, prefrontal cortex activity, and white matter development.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of macaque monkeys during adolescence.
  • Collected behavioral, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging data.
  • Analyzed antisaccade task performance and prefrontal cortex neural activity.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral performance on antisaccade tasks significantly improved.
  • Prefrontal cortex neural activity increased, especially synchronized with saccade generation.
  • White matter tract maturation predicted neural activity and cognitive performance trajectories.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescent response inhibition maturation is associated with prefrontal cortex neural changes.
  • White matter maturation is a key factor underlying these cognitive and neural developments.