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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

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Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
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Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
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Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

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The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 11, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Understanding and Treatment Strategies with the NEC-on-a-Chip Model
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Risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: a 1:1 matched case-control study.

Lie Huang1, Jianhui Wang2, Xiaomei Fu1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, Sichuan, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|April 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal sepsis, blood transfusion, combined antibiotic use, asphyxia, and maternal gestational diabetes (GDM) are key independent risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Early screening and targeted interventions for these factors can improve outcomes in high-risk preterm infants.

Keywords:
ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve)infantsmaternal gestational diabetesnecrotizing enterocolitisrisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants.
  • Identifying independent clinical risk factors for NEC is crucial for early screening and developing targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify independent clinical risk factors for NEC in preterm infants.
  • To develop a prediction model for early NEC screening.

Main Methods:

  • A 1:1 matched case-control study involving 172 preterm infants with NEC and 172 controls.
  • Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors.
  • A prediction model was developed and validated using ROC curve analysis.

Main Results:

  • Neonatal sepsis, blood transfusion, combined antibiotic use, neonatal asphyxia, and maternal gestational diabetes (GDM) were identified as independent risk factors for NEC.
  • The prediction model demonstrated high accuracy with an AUC of 0.937.
  • The model achieved a sensitivity of 93.8% and specificity of 79.5%.

Conclusions:

  • Sepsis, blood transfusion, combined antibiotics, asphyxia, and maternal GDM are key independent predictors of NEC.
  • Enhanced antibiotic stewardship and rigorous maternal GDM management are essential for reducing NEC incidence.
  • The developed prediction model can aid in early screening and management of high-risk preterm infants.