Gender-based differences in perceptions of artificial intelligence in clinical cardiothoracic surgery.

Area of Science:

• Cardiothoracic Surgery
• Artificial Intelligence
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Artificial intelligence (AI) is set to transform cardiothoracic (CT) surgery.
• Previous research indicates gender influences AI attitudes and adoption rates in CT surgery.
• This study investigates specific domains of gender-based differences in AI perception within CT surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore and identify gender-based differences in the attitudes and perceived roles of artificial intelligence (AI) among cardiothoracic surgeons.
• To understand the specific hopes and concerns associated with AI adoption in cardiothoracic surgery based on gender.

Main Methods:

• A global survey on AI in CT surgery was distributed to international CT surgery society members.
• Responses were collected electronically and analyzed using chi-squared analysis on Likert scale data.
• Qualitative thematic analysis was performed on free-text responses.

Main Results:

• Analysis of 412 CT surgeons (344 men, 68 women) revealed gender-based perception differences.
• Female CT surgeons were more inclined to view AI as having a limited role, especially North American female thoracic surgeons.
• Women prioritized AI for administrative efficiency, while men focused on diagnostic support; women feared bias, men technical issues.

Conclusions:

• Gender significantly impacts CT surgeons' views on AI, with women showing more reservations.
• Understanding these differing perspectives is vital for the equitable implementation of AI in CT surgery.
• Addressing gender-specific concerns is essential for successful AI integration and maintaining gender equity in the field.