Research progress on the relationship between long QT syndrome (LQTS) and epilepsy: A review

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a hereditary disorder caused by cardiac electrophysiological abnormalities, while epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by brain electrical abnormalities. Despite involving different physiological systems, recent research suggests a potential interconnection between LQTS and epilepsy. In this review of previous studies, we summarize independent investigations of LQTS and epilepsy, emphasizing efforts to identify common mechanisms between these 2 diseases. By analyzing biological mechanisms such as ion channel dysfunction and neuronal excitability, we propose some shared underlying pathophysiological features between LQTS and epilepsy. We further discuss clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges, focusing on similar symptoms that patients may exhibit and how to differentiate between these 2 conditions in clinical practice. Finally, we provide insights into future research directions, highlighting the potential benefits of advancements in this field for clinical practice and treatment strategies. Through in-depth exploration of the relationship between LQTS and epilepsy, we aim to contribute to more precise approaches for the prevention and treatment of these 2 diseases.