Multifunctional Glutathione Enables ISOS-Robust Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells via Dipole Engineering and...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Photovoltaics

Background:

• Self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) face an efficiency-stability trade-off, hindering commercial viability.
• Existing stabilization methods often fail to address multiple degradation pathways simultaneously.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a synergistic strategy for enhancing the efficiency and long-term stability of PSCs.
• To investigate the multifunctional role of reduced glutathione (GSH) as an additive in PSCs.

Main Methods:

• Utilized reduced glutathione (GSH) as a multifunctional additive in SAM-based inverted PSCs.
• Investigated GSH's effects on interfacial dipole modulation, defect passivation, and redox-driven self-healing at the NiO_x/SAM interface.
• Evaluated device performance and stability under various International Summit on Organic Photovoltaic Stability (ISOS) protocols.

Main Results:

• Achieved a high power conversion efficiency of 26.17% for small-area cells (4 mm²) and 23.14% for minimodules (12.50 cm²).
• Demonstrated exceptional stability, retaining 69.8% (ISOS-T-1), 91.0% (ISOS-D-1), and 78.44% (ISOS-L-2) of initial efficiency after prolonged testing.
• GSH effectively passivated defects, protected against degradation from oxygen and moisture, and facilitated self-healing via a GSH/GSSG-Ni²⁺/Ni³⁺ redox cycle.

Conclusions:

• The proposed synergistic strategy using GSH effectively breaks the efficiency-stability trade-off in PSCs.
• GSH offers a versatile approach for "dynamic regulation-static protection," paving the way for more robust and commercially viable perovskite solar technology.